Top Handwashing Mistakes Fueling Germs and Viruses in America

Handwashing seems simple, but many Americans are getting it wrong, potentially spreading germs and viruses. According to the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases’ 2025 State of Handwashing Report, based on a survey of 3,587 U.S. adults, common mistakes could be costing lives. Experts estimate proper handwashing could save a million lives annually.

Not using soap and water: Dr. Robert Hopkins Jr., medical director of NFID, emphasizes that hand sanitizers don’t cut it for all germs. Take norovirus, the notorious stomach bug that wreaks havoc on cruise ships and during seasonal outbreaks. It laughs off alcohol-based sanitizers but crumbles under soap and water. Many viruses have an outer coat that sanitizers can’t penetrate, making soap the unsung hero of hygiene.

Ignoring key moments: The report reveals only 30% of people wash their hands after coughing or sneezing, despite germs lingering on sleeves or hands. Nearly half of respondents skip washing after visiting public places like grocery stores, restaurants, or doctor’s offices. These lapses are risky, as hands often touch faces, inviting bacteria and viruses into mucous membranes.

Seasonal laziness: One in four Americans ramps up handwashing in fall and winter when flu and RSV peak, but slacks off the rest of the year. Germs like norovirus don’t take vacations, though, and consistent hygiene is critical year-round.

Neglecting the basics: While 69% wash after bathroom visits and 48% after handling food, many still forget or choose not to wash at crucial times. Dr. Hopkins calls handwashing a “simple tool” that needs a comeback outside healthcare settings. If everyone scrubbed up consistently, we could prevent countless infections.